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By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Julia supported and consulted with artists, thinkers, and scholars in many fields, creating an influential circle at court devoted to the advancement of philosophy. But all four exercised real power and influence from their positions. [14] She gave birth to their two sons, Lucius Septimius Bassianus (Caracalla) in 188 in Lugdunum, and Publius Septimius Geta the following year in Rome. Classical sources say that Septimius Severus married Julia Domna, sight unseen, based on the word of astrologers. Dates: May 7, about 165 - August 3, about 224 or 226, Known for: grandmother of Roman emperors Elagabalus and Alexander; one of the four Severan Julias or Roman Julias; sister of Julia Domna and mother of Julia Soaemias and Julia Mamaea. But she contended for influence with Severus’ praetorian prefect, Plautianus, and at one point was forced into a trial on charges of adultery. When Septimius Severus became emperor in 193, Julia Domna invited her sister, Julia Maesa, to come to Rome. Coins show her image with the title "mother of the camp" (mater castrorum). Julia Domna, (died 217), second wife of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus (reigned 193–211) and a powerful figure in the regime of his successor, the emperor Caracalla. When Caracalla (reigned 211–217) was on campaign, he left her in control of most of the civilian administration, with the title “mother of the Senate and of the fatherland.” On the news of his murder in 217 she is said to have starved herself to death, either voluntarily or on the orders of the new emperor, Macrinus. Her reaction was not entirely due to the loss of her eldest son, whose character she was under no illusions about, but it also sprang from a desire to avoid having to return to life as a private citizen after so many years in power. Through Maesa and her husband Julius Avitus, Domna had two nieces: Julia Soaemias and Julia Mamaea, the respective mothers of future Roman emperors Elagabalus (r. 218–222) and Severus Alexander (r. [7] Her name, Domna, is an archaic Arabic word meaning "black"[8][9], referencing the nature of Elagabal which took the form of a black stone. The family had enormous wealth and was promoted to Roman senatorial aristocracy. Julia Domna. Her two sons were joint rulers of Rome until one committed fratricide; she gave up hope when that son was assassinated and Macrinus became emperor. She was probably with him when he put down Pescennius Niger’s rival claim to the throne in 194 CE, and during his subsequent Parthian campaigns, starting in 197 CE, against the vassals who had backed Niger. The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. They had two sons, Lucius Septimius Bassianus (Caracalla) in 188 and Publius Septimius Geta in 189. Geta was murdered by Caracalla's soldiers in the same year. This would make him a more legitimate candidate for emperor than was Macrinus. When Severus died in 211 in Eboracum (York), Domna became the mediator between their two sons, Caracalla and Geta, who were supposed to rule as joint emperors, according to their father's wishes expressed in his will. Later, however, both her bones and those of Geta were transferred by Maesa to the Mausoleum of Hadrian. There is only circumstantial evidence for her presence in Germany, but she was certainly at court in Nicomedia, and later resided at Antioch in 216 (see § Death, below). So Severus sought her as his wife. Julia Domna (Latin: [ˈjuːli.a ˈdomna]; c. 160 – 217 AD) was Roman empress consort from 193 to 211. Her fate was tied to that of her unpopular son, who worked to bring Syrian gods to Rome. 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