September 3, 2020

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Of these, only the Sinai Peninsula was returned, per the Israel-Egypt Camp David Accords peace treaty, while the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem were formally annexed by Israel. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian, Edited by Spencer C. Tucker and Priscilla Mary Roberts. The lopsidedness of the defeat demoralized both the Arab public and the political elite. That resolution became the basis for diplomatic efforts between Israel and its neighbours, including the Camp David Accords with Egypt and the push for a two-state solution with the Palestinians. The war had lasting impact on diplomatic engagement between … Egyptian President Nasser even resigned in disgrace, only to promptly return to office after Egyptian citizens showed their support with massive street demonstrations. Months after the war, in November, the United Nations passed UN Resolution 242, which called for Israel’s withdrawal from the territories it had captured in the war in exchange for lasting peace. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Following years of diplomatic friction and skirmishes between Israel and its neighbors, Israel Defense Forces launched preemptive air strikes that crippled the air forces of Egypt and its allies. Israeli positions in the city of Jerusalem were attacked by artillery and there were many casualties. The Israelis lost 19 planes, with some pilots taken prisoner. Since 1967, the lands Israel seized in the Six-Day War have been at the center of efforts to end the Arab-Israeli conflict. Egyptian jets bombed on their runways in the Six-Day War. By claiming the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, the state of Israel also absorbed over one million Palestinian Arabs. But King Hussein of Jordan, honoring his pact with Nasser, had his forces begin shelling Israeli positions along the border. The previously divided city of Jerusalem came under Israeli control, as did the West Bank, the Golan Heights, and the Sinai. Combined Arab nations massed troops to attack Israel. Israel’s victory over Egypt and its allies was rapid and overwhelming. On June 9, following an intense aerial bombardment, Israeli tanks and infantry advanced on a heavily fortified region of Syria called the Golan Heights. The Six-Day War began with a preemptive Israeli air assault in Egypt and Syria. Started by Iraq dictator Saddam Hussein in September 1980, the war was marked by ...read more, The Suez Crisis began on October 29, 1956, when Israeli armed forces pushed into Egypt toward the Suez Canal after Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser (1918-70) nationalized the canal, a valuable waterway that controlled two-thirds of the oil used by Europe. The western part of the city was under Israeli control, with the eastern part, which contained the old city, under Jordanian control.). With the Arab air forces essentially taken out of the fight at the very outset, the Israelis possessed air superiority. Egypt’s leader, Nasser, vowed to destroy Israel in May 1967. Though outnumbered, the Israelis inflicted heavy casualties on its Arab enemies. On June 7, Israeli troops captured the Old City of Jerusalem and celebrated by praying at the Western Wall. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! A similar air assault incapacitated the Syrian air force. It was estimated that 391 Arab planes were destroyed on the ground and another 60 were shot down in aerial combat. Egyptian Pres. The Arab countries’ losses in the conflict were disastrous. After months of escalation, Israel conducted a preemptive air assault demobilizing its neighbors’ air force capabilities, allowing it a quick and decisive victory. The ancient area was secured, and at 10:15 a.m., the Israeli flag was raised over Temple Mount. In addition, Soviet intelligence reports in May indicated that Israel was planning a campaign against Syria, and, although inaccurate, the information further heightened tensions between Israel and its Arab neighbours. The 1967 Six-Day War between Israel and its Arab neighbors shocked the world and resulted in an Israeli victory that created the boundaries of the modern Middle East.

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