September 3, 2020

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Bochenski, Z. M., and K. E. Campbell, Jr. (2006). The anhinga (Anhinga anhinga) is sometimes called a water turkey, from the shape of its tail when the feathers are fully spread for drying. The Oligocene fossil Meleagris antiquus was first described by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1871. Hence the name Turkey-cocks and Turkey-hens, and soon thereafter, turkeys. Brookline officials have also recommended "making noise (clanging pots or other objects together); popping open an umbrella; shouting and waving your arms; squirting them with a hose; allowing your leashed dog to bark at them; and forcefully fending them off with a broom. Turkeys are classed in the family of Phasianidae (pheasants, partridges, francolins, junglefowl, grouse, and relatives thereof) in the taxonomic order of Galliformes. The earliest turkeys evolved in North America over 20 million years ago, and they share a recent common ancestor with grouse, pheasants, and other fowl. An infant turkey is called a chick or poult. [13], The town of Brookline, Massachusetts, recommends that citizens be aggressive toward the turkeys, take a step towards them, and not back down. Turkeys have been considered by many authorities to be their own family—the Meleagrididae—but a recent genomic analysis of a retrotransposon marker groups turkeys in the family Phasianidae. First up, the idea that Benjamin Franklin, in his infinite wisdom and wit, wanted the National Bird to be the turkey. As with many galliformes, the male is larger and much more colorful than the female. [5][8], In 1550, the English navigator William Strickland, who had introduced the turkey into England, was granted a coat of arms including a "turkey-cock in his pride proper". This is a list of national birds. Habituated turkeys may attempt to dominate or attack people that the birds view as subordinates. Genus of large ground-feeding birds native to the Americas, This article is about all species of turkey. Males of both turkey species have a distinctive fleshy wattle or protuberance that hangs from the top of the beak (called a snood). [4] The Aztecs, for example, had a name for the turkey, wueh-xōlō-tl (guajolote in Spanish), a word still used in modern Mexico in addition to the general term pavo. Some species hold only an "unofficial" status. The former is probably a basal turkey, the other a more contemporary bird not very similar to known turkeys; both were much smaller birds. Turkeys were domesticated in ancient Mexico, for food and/or for their cultural and symbolic significance. Turkeys have been known to be aggressive toward humans and pets in residential areas. We don't know whether Franklin could tell a wild from a domestic turkey… ", https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/greece/grsymbols.htm, "Grenada Dove - National Bird of Grenada", "Haiti Culture, Map, Flag, Tourist Places", "Does Honduras have National flora and fauna? This page was last changed on 18 February 2020, at 13:05. One, the well-documented California turkey Meleagris californica,[15] became extinct recently enough to have been hunted by early human settlers. Again the importers lent the name to the bird; Middle Eastern merchants were called Turkey merchants as much of that area was part of the Ottoman Empire. Several other birds that are sometimes called turkeys are not particularly closely related: the brushturkeys are megapodes, and the bird sometimes known as the "Australian turkey" is the Australian bustard (Ardeotis australis). [24] Turkeys were first used for meat by Native Americans by about AD 1100. A turkey fossil not assignable to genus but similar to Meleagris is known from the Late Miocene of Westmoreland County, Virginia. There is an interesting story behind that. As with many galliformes, the male is larger and much more colorful than the female. These names likely derive from the common misconception that India and the New World were one and the same. "Earliest use of Mexican turkeys by ancient Maya", "Study Shows That Humans Domesticated Turkeys For Worshipping, Not Eating", Animal characters: nonhuman beings in early modern literature, "MassWildlife warns of turkey encounters", "Don't let aggressive turkeys bully you, Brookline advises residents", "Waves of genomic hitchhikers shed light on the evolution of gamebirds (Aves: Galliformes)", "Multi-Platform Next-Generation Sequencing of the Domestic Turkey (, "Native Americans First Tamed Turkeys 2,000 Years Ago", "My Life as a Turkey – Domesticated versus Wild Graphic", "Why do we eat turkey for Thanksgiving and Christmas? Of large ground-feeding birds native to the Americas on his voyage Meleagris was... Long-Snooded males preferred by females and avoided by males seemed to be resistant coccidial. 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